Complete List of Excel Functions (509, by Category)

A complete list of Excel functions, 509 in all, grouped by category with a one-line description of each. Functions with a link have a full guide on this site, with examples and a practice file.

Functions listed509

Categories14

Detailed guides114, and growing

Jump to: Math and Trigonometry · Date and Time · Lookup and Reference · Text · Logical · Statistical · Financial · Information · Engineering · Database · Cube · Web · Compatibility · Add-in and Automation

Start with these 16

These functions cover most everyday work. Each one has a full guide:

New to functions? Read how Excel functions work first.

Math and Trigonometry (80)

Function	What it does
`ABS`	Returns the absolute value of a number
`ACOS`	Returns the arccosine of a number
`ACOSH`	Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number
`ACOT`	Returns the arccotangent of a number
`ACOTH`	Returns the hyperbolic arccotangent of a number
`AGGREGATE`	Returns an aggregate in a list or database, with options to ignore errors and hidden rows
`ARABIC`	Converts a Roman numeral to an Arabic number
`ASIN`	Returns the arcsine of a number
`ASINH`	Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number
`ATAN`	Returns the arctangent of a number
`ATAN2`	Returns the arctangent from x and y coordinates
`ATANH`	Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number
`BASE`	Converts a number into text in the given base
`CEILING.MATH`	Rounds a number up to the nearest integer or multiple
`CEILING.PRECISE`	Rounds a number up to the nearest integer or multiple, whatever its sign
`COMBIN`	Returns the number of combinations for a number of objects
`COMBINA`	Returns the number of combinations with repetitions
`COS`	Returns the cosine of a number
`COSH`	Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number
`COT`	Returns the cotangent of an angle
`COTH`	Returns the hyperbolic cotangent of a number
`CSC`	Returns the cosecant of an angle
`CSCH`	Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of an angle
`DECIMAL`	Converts text in a given base into a decimal number
`DEGREES`	Converts radians to degrees
`EVEN`	Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer
`EXP`	Returns e raised to a power
`FACT`	Returns the factorial of a number
`FACTDOUBLE`	Returns the double factorial of a number
`FLOOR.MATH`	Rounds a number down to the nearest integer or multiple
`FLOOR.PRECISE`	Rounds a number down to the nearest integer or multiple, whatever its sign
`GCD`	Returns the greatest common divisor
`INT`	Rounds a number down to the nearest integer
`ISO.CEILING`	Rounds a number up to the nearest integer or multiple
`LCM`	Returns the least common multiple
`LN`	Returns the natural logarithm of a number
`LOG`	Returns the logarithm of a number to a given base
`LOG10`	Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number
`MDETERM`	Returns the matrix determinant of an array
`MINVERSE`	Returns the matrix inverse of an array
`MMULT`	Returns the matrix product of two arrays
`MOD`	Returns the remainder from division
`MROUND`	Rounds a number to the nearest multiple
`MULTINOMIAL`	Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers
`MUNIT`	Returns the unit matrix of a given size
`ODD`	Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer
`PERCENTOF`	Returns the percentage that a subset makes up of the total
`PI`	Returns the value of pi
`POWER`	Raises a number to a power
`PRODUCT`	Multiplies its arguments
`QUOTIENT`	Returns the integer part of a division
`RADIANS`	Converts degrees to radians
`RAND`	Returns a random number from 0 to 1
`RANDARRAY`	Returns an array of random numbers
`RANDBETWEEN`	Returns a random whole number between two numbers
`ROMAN`	Converts an Arabic number to Roman numerals, as text
`ROUND`	Rounds a number to a given number of digits
`ROUNDDOWN`	Rounds a number down, towards zero
`ROUNDUP`	Rounds a number up, away from zero
`SEC`	Returns the secant of an angle
`SECH`	Returns the hyperbolic secant of an angle
`SEQUENCE`	Generates a list of sequential numbers, such as 1, 2, 3, 4
`SERIESSUM`	Returns the sum of a power series
`SIGN`	Returns the sign of a number
`SIN`	Returns the sine of an angle
`SINH`	Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number
`SQRT`	Returns a positive square root
`SQRTPI`	Returns the square root of a number times pi
`SUBTOTAL`	Returns a subtotal in a list, ignoring other subtotals
`SUM`	Adds its arguments
`SUMIF`	Adds cells that meet one condition
`SUMIFS`	Adds cells that meet several conditions
`SUMPRODUCT`	Multiplies matching items in arrays and adds the results
`SUMSQ`	Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments
`SUMX2MY2`	Returns the sum of the differences of squares in two arrays
`SUMX2PY2`	Returns the sum of the sums of squares in two arrays
`SUMXMY2`	Returns the sum of squares of differences in two arrays
`TAN`	Returns the tangent of a number
`TANH`	Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number
`TRUNC`	Truncates a number to an integer, without rounding

Date and Time (25)

Function	What it does
`DATE`	Returns the date for a given year, month and day
`DATEDIF`	Calculates the days, months or years between two dates
`DATEVALUE`	Converts a date stored as text to a date
`DAY`	Returns the day of the month from a date
`DAYS`	Returns the number of days between two dates
`DAYS360`	Returns the days between two dates on a 360-day year
`EDATE`	Returns the date a number of months before or after a date
`EOMONTH`	Returns the last day of the month, a number of months away
`HOUR`	Returns the hour from a time
`ISOWEEKNUM`	Returns the ISO week number of a date
`MINUTE`	Returns the minutes from a time
`MONTH`	Returns the month from a date
`NETWORKDAYS`	Returns the number of working days between two dates
`NETWORKDAYS.INTL`	Returns working days between two dates with a custom weekend
`NOW`	Returns the current date and time
`SECOND`	Returns the seconds from a time
`TIME`	Returns the time for a given hour, minute and second
`TIMEVALUE`	Converts a time stored as text to a time
`TODAY`	Returns today's date
`WEEKDAY`	Returns the day of the week of a date
`WEEKNUM`	Returns the week number of a date
`WORKDAY`	Returns the date a number of working days away
`WORKDAY.INTL`	Returns the date a number of working days away, with a custom weekend
`YEAR`	Returns the year from a date
`YEARFRAC`	Returns the fraction of a year between two dates

Lookup and Reference (39)

Function	What it does
`ADDRESS`	Returns a cell reference as text
`AREAS`	Returns the number of areas in a reference
`CHOOSE`	Chooses a value from a list by position
`CHOOSECOLS`	Returns chosen columns from an array
`CHOOSEROWS`	Returns chosen rows from an array
`COLUMN`	Returns the column number of a reference
`COLUMNS`	Returns the number of columns in a reference
`DROP`	Removes rows or columns from the start or end of an array
`EXPAND`	Expands an array to a given size
`FILTER`	Filters a range by conditions
`FORMULATEXT`	Returns the formula in a cell as text
`GETPIVOTDATA`	Returns data stored in a PivotTable
`GROUPBY`	Groups and summarises rows by one or more fields
`HLOOKUP`	Looks up a value in the top row and returns a value below it
`HSTACK`	Combines arrays side by side
`HYPERLINK`	Creates a clickable link
`IMAGE`	Inserts an image from a web address into a cell
`INDEX`	Returns a value at a given position in a range
`INDIRECT`	Returns a reference from text
`LOOKUP`	Looks up a value in a sorted row or column
`MATCH`	Returns the position of a value in a range
`OFFSET`	Returns a reference offset from a starting cell
`PIVOTBY`	Summarises data in rows and columns, like a PivotTable
`ROW`	Returns the row number of a reference
`ROWS`	Returns the number of rows in a reference
`RTD`	Retrieves real-time data from a COM program
`SORT`	Sorts a range or array
`SORTBY`	Sorts a range by values in another range
`TAKE`	Returns rows or columns from the start or end of an array
`TOCOL`	Returns an array as a single column
`TOROW`	Returns an array as a single row
`TRANSPOSE`	Swaps rows and columns
`UNIQUE`	Returns the distinct values in a range
`VLOOKUP`	Looks up a value in the first column and returns a value from the same row
`VSTACK`	Combines arrays one on top of another
`WRAPCOLS`	Wraps a row or column of values into columns
`WRAPROWS`	Wraps a row or column of values into rows
`XLOOKUP`	Looks up a value and returns the matching item, in any direction
`XMATCH`	Returns the position of a value, with more options than MATCH

Text (40)

Function	What it does
`ARRAYTOTEXT`	Returns an array as text
`ASC`	Changes full-width (double-byte) characters to half-width
`BAHTTEXT`	Converts a number to Thai text with the baht currency format
`CHAR`	Returns the character for a code number
`CLEAN`	Removes non-printing characters from text
`CODE`	Returns the code number of the first character
`CONCAT`	Joins text from cells and ranges
`CONCATENATE`	Joins several text items into one
`DBCS`	Changes half-width (single-byte) characters to full-width
`DOLLAR`	Converts a number to text in a currency format
`EXACT`	Checks whether two text values are exactly the same
`FIND`	Finds text inside other text (case-sensitive)
`FIXED`	Formats a number as text with a set number of decimals
`LEFT`	Returns characters from the start of text
`LEN`	Returns the number of characters in text
`LOWER`	Converts text to lowercase
`MID`	Returns characters from the middle of text
`NUMBERVALUE`	Converts text to a number, whatever the regional settings
`PHONETIC`	Extracts phonetic (furigana) characters from text
`PROPER`	Capitalises the first letter of each word
`REGEXEXTRACT`	Extracts text that matches a pattern
`REGEXREPLACE`	Replaces text that matches a pattern
`REGEXTEST`	Checks whether text matches a pattern
`REPLACE`	Replaces characters at a given position
`REPT`	Repeats text a given number of times
`RIGHT`	Returns characters from the end of text
`SEARCH`	Finds text inside other text (not case-sensitive)
`SUBSTITUTE`	Replaces specific text with new text
`T`	Returns text, or empty text for anything else
`TEXT`	Formats a number and converts it to text
`TEXTAFTER`	Returns the text after a delimiter
`TEXTBEFORE`	Returns the text before a delimiter
`TEXTJOIN`	Joins text with a delimiter, optionally skipping blanks
`TEXTSPLIT`	Splits text into columns or rows by a delimiter
`TRIM`	Removes extra spaces from text
`UNICHAR`	Returns the Unicode character for a number
`UNICODE`	Returns the Unicode number of the first character
`UPPER`	Converts text to uppercase
`VALUE`	Converts text to a number
`VALUETOTEXT`	Returns any value as text

Logical (20)

Function	What it does
`AND`	Returns TRUE if all arguments are TRUE
`BYCOL`	Applies a LAMBDA to each column
`BYROW`	Applies a LAMBDA to each row
`FALSE`	Returns the logical value FALSE
`IF`	Returns one value if a test is TRUE and another if it's FALSE
`IFERROR`	Returns a value you choose if a formula returns an error
`IFNA`	Returns a value you choose if a formula returns #N/A
`IFS`	Checks several conditions and returns the value for the first TRUE one
`ISOMITTED`	Checks whether a LAMBDA argument is missing
`LAMBDA`	Creates custom, reusable functions
`LET`	Names values inside a formula
`MAKEARRAY`	Builds an array with a LAMBDA
`MAP`	Applies a LAMBDA to each value in an array
`NOT`	Reverses TRUE and FALSE
`OR`	Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE
`REDUCE`	Reduces an array to one value with a LAMBDA
`SCAN`	Returns running results of a LAMBDA, such as a running total
`SWITCH`	Matches a value against a list and returns the matching result
`TRUE`	Returns the logical value TRUE
`XOR`	Returns an exclusive OR of all arguments

Statistical (110)

Function	What it does
`AVEDEV`	Returns the average of absolute deviations from the mean
`AVERAGE`	Returns the average of its arguments
`AVERAGEA`	Returns the average, counting text and logical values
`AVERAGEIF`	Returns the average of cells that meet one condition
`AVERAGEIFS`	Returns the average of cells that meet several conditions
`BETA.DIST`	Returns the beta cumulative distribution function
`BETA.INV`	Returns the inverse of the beta cumulative distribution
`BINOM.DIST`	Returns the binomial distribution probability
`BINOM.DIST.RANGE`	Returns the probability of a range of trial results
`BINOM.INV`	Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is at least a criterion
`CHISQ.DIST`	Returns the chi-squared distribution
`CHISQ.DIST.RT`	Returns the right-tailed chi-squared probability
`CHISQ.INV`	Returns the inverse of the left-tailed chi-squared probability
`CHISQ.INV.RT`	Returns the inverse of the right-tailed chi-squared probability
`CHISQ.TEST`	Returns the test for independence
`CONFIDENCE.NORM`	Returns the confidence interval for a population mean
`CONFIDENCE.T`	Returns the confidence interval using a Student's t-distribution
`CORREL`	Returns the correlation coefficient between two data sets
`COUNT`	Counts cells that contain numbers
`COUNTA`	Counts cells that aren't empty
`COUNTBLANK`	Counts empty cells
`COUNTIF`	Counts cells that meet one condition
`COUNTIFS`	Counts cells that meet several conditions
`COVARIANCE.P`	Returns population covariance
`COVARIANCE.S`	Returns sample covariance
`DEVSQ`	Returns the sum of squared deviations
`EXPON.DIST`	Returns the exponential distribution
`F.DIST`	Returns the F probability distribution
`F.DIST.RT`	Returns the right-tailed F probability distribution
`F.INV`	Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution
`F.INV.RT`	Returns the inverse of the right-tailed F distribution
`F.TEST`	Returns the result of an F-test
`FISHER`	Returns the Fisher transformation
`FISHERINV`	Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation
`FORECAST.ETS`	Forecasts a future value with exponential smoothing
`FORECAST.ETS.CONFINT`	Returns a confidence interval for a forecast value
`FORECAST.ETS.SEASONALITY`	Returns the length of the seasonal pattern Excel detects
`FORECAST.ETS.STAT`	Returns a statistic from time-series forecasting
`FORECAST.LINEAR`	Forecasts a future value along a linear trend
`FREQUENCY`	Returns a frequency distribution
`GAMMA`	Returns the Gamma function value
`GAMMA.DIST`	Returns the gamma distribution
`GAMMA.INV`	Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution
`GAMMALN`	Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function
`GAMMALN.PRECISE`	Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function
`GAUSS`	Returns 0.5 less than the standard normal cumulative distribution
`GEOMEAN`	Returns the geometric mean
`GROWTH`	Returns values along an exponential trend
`HARMEAN`	Returns the harmonic mean
`HYPGEOM.DIST`	Returns the hypergeometric distribution
`INTERCEPT`	Returns the intercept of the linear regression line
`KURT`	Returns the kurtosis of a data set
`LARGE`	Returns the k-th largest value
`LINEST`	Returns the parameters of a linear trend
`LOGEST`	Returns the parameters of an exponential trend
`LOGNORM.DIST`	Returns the lognormal distribution
`LOGNORM.INV`	Returns the inverse of the lognormal distribution
`MAX`	Returns the largest value
`MAXA`	Returns the largest value, counting text and logical values
`MAXIFS`	Returns the largest value that meets conditions
`MEDIAN`	Returns the middle value
`MIN`	Returns the smallest value
`MINA`	Returns the smallest value, counting text and logical values
`MINIFS`	Returns the smallest value that meets conditions
`MODE.MULT`	Returns all the most frequent values
`MODE.SNGL`	Returns the most frequent value
`NEGBINOM.DIST`	Returns the negative binomial distribution
`NORM.DIST`	Returns the normal distribution
`NORM.INV`	Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution
`NORM.S.DIST`	Returns the standard normal distribution
`NORM.S.INV`	Returns the inverse of the standard normal distribution
`PEARSON`	Returns the Pearson correlation coefficient
`PERCENTILE.EXC`	Returns the k-th percentile, with k from 0 to 1 exclusive
`PERCENTILE.INC`	Returns the k-th percentile, with k from 0 to 1 inclusive
`PERCENTRANK.EXC`	Returns the rank of a value as a percentage, exclusive
`PERCENTRANK.INC`	Returns the rank of a value as a percentage, inclusive
`PERMUT`	Returns the number of permutations
`PERMUTATIONA`	Returns the number of permutations with repetitions
`PHI`	Returns the standard normal density function
`POISSON.DIST`	Returns the Poisson distribution
`PROB`	Returns the probability that values fall between two limits
`QUARTILE.EXC`	Returns a quartile, exclusive
`QUARTILE.INC`	Returns a quartile, inclusive
`RANK.AVG`	Returns the rank of a number, averaging ties
`RANK.EQ`	Returns the rank of a number
`RSQ`	Returns the square of the Pearson correlation coefficient
`SKEW`	Returns the skewness of a distribution
`SKEW.P`	Returns the skewness of a population
`SLOPE`	Returns the slope of the linear regression line
`SMALL`	Returns the k-th smallest value
`STANDARDIZE`	Returns a normalised value
`STDEV.P`	Returns the standard deviation of a population
`STDEV.S`	Returns the standard deviation of a sample
`STDEVA`	Returns the standard deviation of a sample, counting text and logical values
`STDEVPA`	Returns the standard deviation of a population, counting text and logical values
`STEYX`	Returns the standard error of the predicted y-values
`T.DIST`	Returns the Student's t-distribution
`T.DIST.2T`	Returns the two-tailed Student's t-distribution
`T.DIST.RT`	Returns the right-tailed Student's t-distribution
`T.INV`	Returns the inverse of the Student's t-distribution
`T.INV.2T`	Returns the two-tailed inverse of the Student's t-distribution
`T.TEST`	Returns the probability from a Student's t-test
`TREND`	Returns values along a linear trend
`TRIMMEAN`	Returns the mean after trimming the extremes
`VAR.P`	Returns the variance of a population
`VAR.S`	Returns the variance of a sample
`VARA`	Returns the variance of a sample, counting text and logical values
`VARPA`	Returns the variance of a population, counting text and logical values
`WEIBULL.DIST`	Returns the Weibull distribution
`Z.TEST`	Returns the one-tailed probability of a z-test

Financial (55)

Function	What it does
`ACCRINT`	Returns accrued interest on a security that pays periodic interest
`ACCRINTM`	Returns accrued interest on a security that pays interest at maturity
`AMORDEGRC`	Returns depreciation using a depreciation coefficient
`AMORLINC`	Returns depreciation for each accounting period
`COUPDAYBS`	Returns the days from the start of the coupon period to settlement
`COUPDAYS`	Returns the days in the coupon period that contains settlement
`COUPDAYSNC`	Returns the days from settlement to the next coupon date
`COUPNCD`	Returns the next coupon date after settlement
`COUPNUM`	Returns the number of coupons between settlement and maturity
`COUPPCD`	Returns the previous coupon date before settlement
`CUMIPMT`	Returns the total interest paid between two periods
`CUMPRINC`	Returns the total principal paid between two periods
`DB`	Returns depreciation by the fixed-declining balance method
`DDB`	Returns depreciation by the double-declining balance method
`DISC`	Returns the discount rate of a security
`DOLLARDE`	Converts a fractional price to a decimal price
`DOLLARFR`	Converts a decimal price to a fractional price
`DURATION`	Returns the annual duration of a security
`EFFECT`	Returns the effective annual interest rate
`FV`	Returns the future value of an investment
`FVSCHEDULE`	Returns future value after a series of interest rates
`INTRATE`	Returns the interest rate of a fully invested security
`IPMT`	Returns the interest part of a payment
`IRR`	Returns the internal rate of return of cash flows
`ISPMT`	Returns the interest paid in a period of a straight-line loan
`MDURATION`	Returns the modified Macaulay duration of a security
`MIRR`	Returns the modified internal rate of return
`NOMINAL`	Returns the nominal annual interest rate
`NPER`	Returns the number of periods for an investment or loan
`NPV`	Returns the net present value of cash flows
`ODDFPRICE`	Returns the price of a security with an odd first period
`ODDFYIELD`	Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period
`ODDLPRICE`	Returns the price of a security with an odd last period
`ODDLYIELD`	Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period
`PDURATION`	Returns the periods needed to reach a target value
`PMT`	Returns the payment for a loan or annuity
`PPMT`	Returns the principal part of a payment
`PRICE`	Returns the price of a security that pays periodic interest
`PRICEDISC`	Returns the price of a discounted security
`PRICEMAT`	Returns the price of a security that pays interest at maturity
`PV`	Returns the present value of an investment
`RATE`	Returns the interest rate per period
`RECEIVED`	Returns the amount received at maturity
`RRI`	Returns the equivalent interest rate for growth (CAGR)
`SLN`	Returns straight-line depreciation
`SYD`	Returns sum-of-years' digits depreciation
`TBILLEQ`	Returns the bond-equivalent yield of a Treasury bill
`TBILLPRICE`	Returns the price of a Treasury bill
`TBILLYIELD`	Returns the yield of a Treasury bill
`VDB`	Returns depreciation for any period by a declining balance method
`XIRR`	Returns the internal rate of return for irregular cash flows
`XNPV`	Returns the net present value for irregular cash flows
`YIELD`	Returns the yield of a security that pays periodic interest
`YIELDDISC`	Returns the annual yield of a discounted security
`YIELDMAT`	Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity

Information (20)

Function	What it does
`CELL`	Returns information about a cell's formatting, location or contents
`ERROR.TYPE`	Returns a number for each error type
`INFO`	Returns information about the operating environment
`ISBLANK`	Returns TRUE if a cell is empty
`ISERR`	Returns TRUE for any error except #N/A
`ISERROR`	Returns TRUE for any error
`ISEVEN`	Returns TRUE if a number is even
`ISFORMULA`	Returns TRUE if a cell contains a formula
`ISLOGICAL`	Returns TRUE if a value is TRUE or FALSE
`ISNA`	Returns TRUE if a value is #N/A
`ISNONTEXT`	Returns TRUE if a value is not text
`ISNUMBER`	Returns TRUE if a value is a number
`ISODD`	Returns TRUE if a number is odd
`ISREF`	Returns TRUE if a value is a reference
`ISTEXT`	Returns TRUE if a value is text
`N`	Converts a value to a number
`NA`	Returns the #N/A error
`SHEET`	Returns the sheet number of a reference
`SHEETS`	Returns the number of sheets in a reference
`TYPE`	Returns a number for the data type of a value

Engineering (54)

Function	What it does
`BESSELI`	Returns the modified Bessel function In(x)
`BESSELJ`	Returns the Bessel function Jn(x)
`BESSELK`	Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(x)
`BESSELY`	Returns the Bessel function Yn(x)
`BIN2DEC`	Converts binary to decimal
`BIN2HEX`	Converts binary to hexadecimal
`BIN2OCT`	Converts binary to octal
`BITAND`	Returns a bitwise AND of two numbers
`BITLSHIFT`	Shifts a number left by a number of bits
`BITOR`	Returns a bitwise OR of two numbers
`BITRSHIFT`	Shifts a number right by a number of bits
`BITXOR`	Returns a bitwise exclusive OR of two numbers
`COMPLEX`	Creates a complex number from real and imaginary parts
`CONVERT`	Converts a number from one unit to another
`DEC2BIN`	Converts decimal to binary
`DEC2HEX`	Converts decimal to hexadecimal
`DEC2OCT`	Converts decimal to octal
`DELTA`	Tests whether two values are equal
`ERF`	Returns the error function
`ERF.PRECISE`	Returns the error function
`ERFC`	Returns the complementary error function
`ERFC.PRECISE`	Returns the complementary error function
`GESTEP`	Tests whether a number is at least a threshold
`HEX2BIN`	Converts hexadecimal to binary
`HEX2DEC`	Converts hexadecimal to decimal
`HEX2OCT`	Converts hexadecimal to octal
`IMABS`	Returns the absolute value of a complex number
`IMAGINARY`	Returns the imaginary part of a complex number
`IMARGUMENT`	Returns the argument theta of a complex number
`IMCONJUGATE`	Returns the complex conjugate
`IMCOS`	Returns the cosine of a complex number
`IMCOSH`	Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a complex number
`IMCOT`	Returns the cotangent of a complex number
`IMCSC`	Returns the cosecant of a complex number
`IMCSCH`	Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of a complex number
`IMDIV`	Divides two complex numbers
`IMEXP`	Returns the exponential of a complex number
`IMLN`	Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number
`IMLOG10`	Returns the base-10 logarithm of a complex number
`IMLOG2`	Returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number
`IMPOWER`	Raises a complex number to a power
`IMPRODUCT`	Multiplies complex numbers
`IMREAL`	Returns the real part of a complex number
`IMSEC`	Returns the secant of a complex number
`IMSECH`	Returns the hyperbolic secant of a complex number
`IMSIN`	Returns the sine of a complex number
`IMSINH`	Returns the hyperbolic sine of a complex number
`IMSQRT`	Returns the square root of a complex number
`IMSUB`	Subtracts two complex numbers
`IMSUM`	Adds complex numbers
`IMTAN`	Returns the tangent of a complex number
`OCT2BIN`	Converts octal to binary
`OCT2DEC`	Converts octal to decimal
`OCT2HEX`	Converts octal to hexadecimal

Database (12)

Function	What it does
`DAVERAGE`	Returns the average of matching database entries
`DCOUNT`	Counts cells with numbers in matching database entries
`DCOUNTA`	Counts non-empty cells in matching database entries
`DGET`	Returns a single matching database record
`DMAX`	Returns the largest value from matching database entries
`DMIN`	Returns the smallest value from matching database entries
`DPRODUCT`	Multiplies values from matching database entries
`DSTDEV`	Returns the sample standard deviation of matching entries
`DSTDEVP`	Returns the population standard deviation of matching entries
`DSUM`	Adds values from matching database entries
`DVAR`	Returns the sample variance of matching entries
`DVARP`	Returns the population variance of matching entries

Cube (7)

Function	What it does
`CUBEKPIMEMBER`	Returns a key performance indicator (KPI) property
`CUBEMEMBER`	Returns a member or tuple from a cube
`CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY`	Returns the value of a member property
`CUBERANKEDMEMBER`	Returns the nth, or ranked, member in a set
`CUBESET`	Defines a calculated set of members
`CUBESETCOUNT`	Returns the number of items in a set
`CUBEVALUE`	Returns an aggregated value from a cube

Web (3)

Function	What it does
`ENCODEURL`	Returns a URL-encoded string
`FILTERXML`	Returns specific data from XML using an XPath
`WEBSERVICE`	Returns data from a web service

Compatibility (41)

Function	What it does
`BETADIST`	Beta cumulative distribution (use BETA.DIST)
`BETAINV`	Inverse beta distribution (use BETA.INV)
`BINOMDIST`	Binomial distribution (use BINOM.DIST)
`CEILING`	Rounds a number up to the nearest multiple (use CEILING.MATH)
`CHIDIST`	Right-tailed chi-squared probability (use CHISQ.DIST.RT)
`CHIINV`	Inverse chi-squared probability (use CHISQ.INV.RT)
`CHITEST`	Test for independence (use CHISQ.TEST)
`CONFIDENCE`	Confidence interval (use CONFIDENCE.NORM)
`COVAR`	Covariance (use COVARIANCE.P)
`CRITBINOM`	Inverse binomial (use BINOM.INV)
`EXPONDIST`	Exponential distribution (use EXPON.DIST)
`FDIST`	F probability distribution (use F.DIST.RT)
`FINV`	Inverse F distribution (use F.INV.RT)
`FLOOR`	Rounds a number down to the nearest multiple (use FLOOR.MATH)
`FORECAST`	Value along a linear trend (use FORECAST.LINEAR)
`FTEST`	F-test (use F.TEST)
`GAMMADIST`	Gamma distribution (use GAMMA.DIST)
`GAMMAINV`	Inverse gamma distribution (use GAMMA.INV)
`HYPGEOMDIST`	Hypergeometric distribution (use HYPGEOM.DIST)
`LOGINV`	Inverse lognormal distribution (use LOGNORM.INV)
`LOGNORMDIST`	Lognormal distribution (use LOGNORM.DIST)
`MODE`	Most common value (use MODE.SNGL)
`NEGBINOMDIST`	Negative binomial distribution (use NEGBINOM.DIST)
`NORMDIST`	Normal distribution (use NORM.DIST)
`NORMINV`	Inverse normal distribution (use NORM.INV)
`NORMSDIST`	Standard normal distribution (use NORM.S.DIST)
`NORMSINV`	Inverse standard normal (use NORM.S.INV)
`PERCENTILE`	k-th percentile (use PERCENTILE.INC)
`PERCENTRANK`	Percentage rank (use PERCENTRANK.INC)
`POISSON`	Poisson distribution (use POISSON.DIST)
`QUARTILE`	Quartile (use QUARTILE.INC)
`RANK`	Rank of a number (use RANK.EQ)
`STDEV`	Sample standard deviation (use STDEV.S)
`STDEVP`	Population standard deviation (use STDEV.P)
`TDIST`	Student's t-distribution (use T.DIST)
`TINV`	Inverse t-distribution (use T.INV.2T)
`TTEST`	Student's t-test (use T.TEST)
`VAR`	Sample variance (use VAR.S)
`VARP`	Population variance (use VAR.P)
`WEIBULL`	Weibull distribution (use WEIBULL.DIST)
`ZTEST`	z-test (use Z.TEST)

Add-in and Automation (3)

Function	What it does
`CALL`	Calls a procedure in a DLL or code resource
`EUROCONVERT`	Converts between the euro and euro-member currencies
`REGISTER.ID`	Returns the ID of a registered DLL or code resource

Frequently asked questions

How many functions does Excel have?

Microsoft 365 has more than 500 functions, and new ones are added regularly. Older versions have fewer, so some functions here, such as XLOOKUP, FILTER and the REGEX functions, need Excel 2021 or 365.

What are compatibility functions?

They’re older versions of functions that Microsoft has replaced with more accurate ones, such as STDEV, now STDEV.S. They still work, so old workbooks don’t break, but use the newer function in new work.

How do I find a function inside Excel?

Click the fx button next to the formula bar, or press Shift + F3, to search for a function by describing what you want to do.

Complete List of Excel Functions (509 Functions by Category)